More history of Korean MA. This time by Moo Duk Kwan Tang Soo Do's GrandMaster Hwang Kee Tang Soo Do (Soo Bahk Do) by Hwang Kee 1978 [Keep in mind that, as many of the other MA style founders do, Hwang first defines Tang Soo Do as weaponless fighting which began with the first human on earth.] [The accounting of the history from 37 A.D. to 1391 A.D. have been left out. The Chinese language text was also removed.] D. The Yi Dynasty (1392 to 1907 A.D.) According to the 32nd volume of the Korean history book "Tae Jong Sil Rok," King Sang Wang was born in July of the Byong Sin (about 500 years ago). The king had a big party attended by his son and other relatives. They enjoyed seeing soldiers performing in a Tang Soo Do demonstration. Other books besides Tae Jong Sil Rok give evidence of the practice of Tang Soo Do during the Yi Dynasty. An especially important and useful book was the Moo Yei Do Bo Tong Ji (Military Arts Manual). It was the culmination of several earlier publications or scrolls where an original description of six techniques was added to until its final content of 24 techniques was published. These techniques were derived from various schools of martial artistry. The presence of this book during the Yi Dynasty establishes the existence of Tang Soo Do beyond any reasonable doubt. Training in Tang Soo Do varied in technique from one place to another, depending on the method, style, period and location. Archery, for example, was most popular under King Se Jo, 7th monarch of that period. Later, during the reign of King Sun Jo, the book "Chun Bo" was written describing the techniques of Gun Bong (basic stick art) by Han Kyo. In addition, the "Hyun Rung Ji" (Name of Book) described Sip Pal Ki (18 techniques) for the Juk Chang Tchang (the long spear). Such study became popular and the name Sip Pal Ki was used most commonly to refer to the martial arts. Later in this same period, a book of 24 techniques of Ki Yee, (the art of horsemanship) was added to Sip Pal Ki. Ja Be was another term commonly used to refer to Tang Soo Do. By and large, despite the presence of scrolls, books and statuary, the arts were handed down by word of mouth to the present day. Towards the end of the Yi Dynasty, a style of fighting developed called Tae Kyun, which employed only foot techniques. (Tae Kyun is not related to the current Tae Kwon Do). There are still people who practice the techniques and who have seen Tae Kyun used by older people in Korea. However, Tae Kyun has never been accepted as a true martial art because it lacked mental discipline. Subsequently it was never recorded as was Sip Pal Ki. Tae Kyun was a form of street fighting, and it developed a bad reputation as a fighting skill for criminal use. The culture of Tae Kyun remains only through a legend called "The Evening Story" which is still handed down by word of mouth. Tae Kyun developed from ancient Tang Soo Do, and modern Tang Soo Do has benefited by incorporating the superb foot techniques into its style. Other popular martial arts at the time included Sip Pal Ki (18 technique style), Sa Sip Yuk Ki (36 technique style), Sip Pal Ban (18 techniques), Sip Pal Jip (18 techniques), Sam Sip Yuk Jip (36 techniques), Sip Pal Jong (18 techniques), Sam Sip Yuk Jong (36 techniques), and of course Tang Soo Do. The 18 "techniques" of Sip Pal Ki (also known as Sip Pal Ban, or Sip Pal Byong Ki) refer to 18 military weapons, which are listed below: 1). CHANG 2). DO 3). GU 4). KUK 5). BOO 6). WOL 7). KU 8). CHE 9). PYON 10). KAN 11). JO 12). BONG 13). KON 14). DANG 15). CHU 16). KWON 17). YU SUNG 18). PIL They also refer to the following as "Moo Yei Sip Pal Ban": 1). KOONG 2). NO 3). CHANG 4). DO 5). GU 6). MO 7). SOON 8). BOO 9). WOK 10). KUK 11). PYO 12). KAN 13). KWA 14). SOO 15). CHE 16). PA DOO 17). MYON SUNG TOO SEK 18). BAIK TA The various arts of Korea were practiced to the end of the Yi Dynasty (1907). The study of these arts halted during the Japanese occupation of Korea, ending in 1945. At that time, the author established the modern Tang Soo Do style under the Moo Duk Kwan school as a continuation of the native traditional martial arts. At the end of the Japanese occupation (August 15, 1945), the following schools were in existence: 1. Moo Duk Kwan (headed by Hwang Kee, in Seoul) 2. Yon Moo Kwan (headed by Chun Sang Sup, in Seoul) 3. YMCA Kwon Pup (headed by Pyong In Yun, in Seoul) 4. Chung Do Kwan (headed by Won Kuk Lee, in Seoul) and 5. Song Moo Kwan (headed by No Byong Jik, at Kai Sung). School Member Styles ----------------------------------- Moo Duk Kwan Mook Duk Kwan Ji Do Kwan Ji Do Kwan Yon Moo Kwan Han Moo Kwan Chang Moo Kwan Kang Duk Won Kang Moo Kwan Cheong Moo Kwan Chung Do Kwan Chong Do Kwan Chong Kyong Kwan Kuk Moo Kwan O Do Kwan Song Moo Kwan Song Moo Kwan By the start of the Korean War (June 25, 1950) a number of schools had emerged and had formed new organizations, listed below. Headed by Location --------------------------------- Hwang Kee Seoul Yun Kwei Byong Seoul Lee Nam Sak Seoul Son Dok Song Yum Yong Kyu Korean Tang Soo Do incorporated as Korean Soo Bahk Do Association and registered with the Korean Government as the Korean traditional Martial Art on June 30, 1960. Chairman of the Korean Tang Soo Do Association from beginning to present time: Hwang Kee The Korean Tae Soo Do Association incorporated and joined with the Korean Athletic Association (a sport body) in January, 1964. Korean Tae Soo Do Association changed its name to Korean Tae Kwon Do Association in 1965. Chairmen of Tae Kwon Do Association from its establishment to the present time: Che Myung Sin, Choi Hong Hee, No Byong Jik, Kim Young Che, and Kim Un Yong.