Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 09:33:15 -0800 From: the_dojang-request@martialartsresource.net Subject: The_Dojang digest, Vol 13 #153 - 9 msgs X-Mailer: Mailman v2.0.13.cisto1 MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Errors-To: the_dojang-admin@martialartsresource.net X-BeenThere: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net X-Mailman-Version: 2.0.13.cisto1 Precedence: bulk Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net X-Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net X-Subscribed-Address: kma@martialartsresource.com List-Id: The Internet's premier discussion forum on Korean Martial Arts. 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Copyright 1994-2006: Ray Terry and Martial Arts Resource The Internet's premier discussion forum devoted to Korean Martial Arts. 2,100 members. See the Korean Martial Arts (KMA) FAQ and the online search engine for back issues of The_Dojang at http://MartialArtsResource.com Pil Seung! Today's Topics: 1. RE: thoughts on tradition (J R Hilland) 2. Demo (Klaas Barends) 3. ..bowing (Oludipe O. Tolulope) 4. HAPKIDO SEMINAR REMINDER (Master Lugo) 5. Bowing (rwood) 6. Martial arts and bowing (Wes Heaps) 7. RE: Martial arts and bowing (michael tomlinson) 8. Re: Martial arts and bowing (Ray) 9. Encyclopedia of North Korea (Ray) --__--__-- Message: 1 From: "J R Hilland" To: Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 00:46:12 -0600 Subject: [The_Dojang] RE: thoughts on tradition Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net <<>> During the sunrise morning taichi class at Beijing's city park, I indivertibly bowed to my taichi teacher upon having the detail of my technique corrected. She then looked around to see if any one else saw this and returned with her translator. He told me that bowing was not recommended, ever! Later I found out from out guide that Communism had dismissed the use of bowing in China, at one time it was a serious offense. I was indeed baffled. It was hard to restrain, as I had just left Korea and bowing had become a habit of sorts. I really don't know if bowing is outlawed in China but it was in the huge Beijing city park. BTW, The number of classes going on at once in various parts of the park was amazing. More classes than Fargo has martial arts schools, and this little town has a lot of schools. <<<"I teach both the informal standing bow and the formal kneeling bow and explain why to all my students. If a student refuses to offer this respect I will not teach them.">>> Kevin, you read my mind for what I was going, so I will just quote you. <<>> I believe the Hangul is anja, but the pronunciation is as you state. At least it is the way I was taught and your explanations was right on the mark. In modern times (these days instead of the way-back-machine), I am reminded of Master Timmerman. I really don't think I have ever seen the man bow standing. It is a pleasure to watch the technique of his sitting bow as it is a vision of a technique practiced for at least, what 110 years? :) Seriously, it is a joy to watch and demonstrates the true spirit of the man. You just can't get enough of that. Jere R. Hilland, Fargo, ND www.HapkidoSelfDefense.com --__--__-- Message: 2 From: Klaas Barends Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 14:15:27 +0200 To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Subject: [The_Dojang] Demo Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net We had a little demo last Saturday (March 25th) I posted some of the highlights at video.google.com (a great place to upload your videos) http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-82942542466661679 -- kind regards, Klaas Barends www.hapkidoforum.com --__--__-- Message: 3 Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 04:29:39 -0800 (PST) From: "Oludipe O. Tolulope" To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Subject: [The_Dojang] ..bowing Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Where I'm from its the norm. You prostrate to older people as a sign of respect. I grew up prostrating to my parents in the morning, when they are about to go out, when they arrive, when I get gifts, when I or they goes to bed (whichever comes first). In fact, we do it on pretty much all occasions (something of jest from people of different cultures). I am Yoruba and I served my time in the National Youth Slaves Corps.. sorry SERVICE corps.. in the Far Eastern parts of the country where we have predominantly Ibibio. I was introduced to a friend's grandmother and I prostrated in greeting. She was shocked to say the least. It took my friend a lot of talk to convince her I ment no disrespect. I'm a Christian and since I started TKD in 1996, it never bothered me when I bow to my instructors because I bow to their knowledge not their person. Some people did think it weird and couldn't stick the idea so they withdrew. No hard feelings. It is not my place to change that part of their albeit harmless culture so what I'm saying is, if you must go to Rome, then you "..do as the Romans do" else "if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen". My 50kobo worth of thoughts. :> --------------------------------- Yahoo! Messenger with Voice. Make PC-to-Phone Calls to the US (and 30+ countries) for 2¢/min or less. --__--__-- Message: 4 Date: 31 Mar 2006 13:48:42 -0000 To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net From: "Master Lugo" Subject: [The_Dojang] HAPKIDO SEMINAR REMINDER Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Black Belt Fitness Center 54-12 31st Avenue Woodside, NY 11377 718-204-1777 APRIL 8th & 9th go to www.Hapkido.Cn in scheduled events for application Seminar to be head by Master Hal Whalen KHF 7th dan --__--__-- Message: 5 From: "rwood" To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 10:03:31 -0600 Subject: [The_Dojang] Bowing Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net First; I agree with 100%, intent is the key. In the Old Testament men and woman of God submitted themselves to the local rules, without compromising their relationship with the Lord. They were able to maintain the purity of their relationship with the Lord in those environments due to the attitude of their heart, a heart for God. We can do the same in the Dojang. Second; it is NOT my book, his book, or her book. It is the Bible, God’s Holy Word. The Bible is a guide to all people, in all places on how we should treat one another and how to develop a right relationship with God. Third; to a Mr. Walker, I find it highly inflammatory that you would attack all of Christianity based on your limited dealings with one individual. Yes, I am aware of those who call themselves Christian and shoot doctors who perform abortions, bomb abortion clinics; I am fairly well versed in the history of the Spanish Inquisition, and the Crusades. As martial artists you and I both grimace when a would be martial arts “master” pulls a bonehead stunt or makes an outrages claims that embarrass all martial artist. We realize how much harder we must work to overcome the bogus claims, false expectations, and skepticism surrounding the martial arts due to the actions of those kinds of individuals. Christianity is no different. As a pastor, I deal with people who have written Christianity off because of bad press. The rebuilding of trust is never easy and always a long-term project. Comments, such as yours, about Christian being the same as those who fly aircraft into buildings, car bombs into shopping areas, and homicide bombers who walk into wedding reception are “kind of like those Jihad fellas, only Different” (your words, not mine) are not only irresponsible, reactionary, and narrow minded, but rude as well. You called this individual “student”; does that mean you took his money and trained him, knowing how he intended to use YOUR art, Mr. Walker? Fourth; I believe that any of you were not looking for a fight. After us Christians are supposed to be meek and humble. This seems to be interrupt as not fighting back, and after all you guys are on the DD where you have all kids of support to bash Christian beliefs and lol. That appears to be a bullying behavior. Yes, I am aware of the scripture that speaks about turning the other cheek. That is meant to teach us not to let little insults turn into wars. It does NOT call for Christians to be lead around by our noses. In fact scripture calls for us to be bold and confront those who are spreading misconceptions, false teachings, and oppression. I dedicated the first part of my life to the preservation of this country and our way of life. My 23 years as a United States Air Force Security Forces (read as Police) Technical Sergeant, meant that everyday I armed and went to work to protect people and property. I was in situations were the use of deadly force was authorized and did not hesitate. I am compelled by Scripture to protect my family, my country, my community, and my neighbors. Everyone is entitled to your opinion and I would never restrict anyone’s ability to express your opinion; however just because you believe “it” doesn’t make “it” true. IHS, Rob He who ignores disciple comes to poverty and shame, but whoever heeds correction is honored. Proverbs 13:18 --__--__-- Message: 6 Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 08:11:21 -0800 (PST) From: Wes Heaps To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Subject: [The_Dojang] Martial arts and bowing Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net If everyone would drop the mixing of martial arts and religon for a second, and remember that in the word martial art is the word "martial" meaning the military. A bow is simply a salute. Does a private worship his/her commanding officers? No, in my experience they hate them.but do they still give respect by saluting, Yes. __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com --__--__-- Message: 7 From: "michael tomlinson" To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Subject: RE: [The_Dojang] Martial arts and bowing Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 16:37:18 +0000 Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Very well said..... Michael Tomlinson >From: Wes Heaps >Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net >To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net >Subject: [The_Dojang] Martial arts and bowing >Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 08:11:21 -0800 (PST) > >If everyone would drop the mixing of martial arts and >religon for a second, and remember that in the word >martial art is the word "martial" meaning the >military. A bow is simply a salute. Does a private >worship his/her commanding officers? No, in my >experience they hate them.but do they still give >respect by saluting, Yes. > >__________________________________________________ >Do You Yahoo!? >Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around >http://mail.yahoo.com >_______________________________________________ >The_Dojang mailing list, 2,100 members >The_Dojang@martialartsresource.net >Copyright 1994-2006: Ray Terry and Martial Arts Resource >Standard disclaimers apply >http://martialartsresource.net/mailman/listinfo/the_dojang --__--__-- Message: 8 From: Ray Subject: Re: [The_Dojang] Martial arts and bowing To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 08:57:10 -0800 (PST) Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net > If everyone would drop the mixing of martial arts and > religon for a second, and remember that in the word > martial art is the word "martial" meaning the > military. A bow is simply a salute. Does a private > worship his/her commanding officers? No, in my > experience they hate them.but do they still give > respect by saluting, Yes. Are they the same??? Then why do we salute -and- bow (two different things) in class? What I think this shows is that there is very little that is really "traditional", esp across the board. In much of the KMA world you bow to people and salute the flags. In other parts of the KMA world you bow to both people and flags. In some you do a standing bow, in others a kneeling bow. Some have only seen it one way, others have only seen it another way. Some think -their- tradition goes back to the beginning, e.g. GM Choi. Some have evidence otherwise. Traditional? It appears to vary greatly... P.S. It was asked if all martial arts bow. No, some only salute and do not bow (standing or kneeling). And I suspect some, or some schools, do neither bows nor salutes. Ray Terry rterry@idiom.com --__--__-- Message: 9 From: Ray To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net (The_Dojang) Date: Fri, 31 Mar 2006 09:17:40 -0800 (PST) Subject: [The_Dojang] Encyclopedia of North Korea Reply-To: the_dojang@martialartsresource.net forwarding... -------------------------------------------------- Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture Institute for Peace Affairs (IPA) 321-89 Galhyun-Dong, Eunpyung-Gu, Seoul 122-806 I am very pleased to inform that you are now available to get North Korea's recent and accurate information due to the publication of Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture (ENKGC). Institute for Peace Affairs (IPA) has recently published ENKGC according to the official contract with North Korean authorities. ENKGC is the first cooperation between two Koreas in publication. ENKGC contains lots of facts that you want to know about North Korean geography and culture. ENKGC consists of nearly 350,000 entries with 15,000 pictures and over 230 maps for each administrative district. Pictures were taken very recently (mostly after 2002) and they are verified through cross-check by IPA researchers and North Korean scholars. I am sure that this kind of materials may give you valuable information to understand North Korea and to prepare for future investment after diplomatic normalization with it. IPA is now ready to deliver you ENKGC. It would be a great opportunity to get accurate and latest information about North Korea because ENKGC is only book for which North Korean authorities reluctantly provided information. According to contract, IPA had asked lots of questions to North Korean Agent and had got precious answers which had been known incorrectly before ENKGC. Truly, Vice Chairman Dr. Young-Seok Shin The First Encyclopedia on North Korea Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture You can get everything about North Korea! Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture (hereafter 'ENKGC') provides everything you want to know about North Korean geography, industries, botanic, animals, mountains, rivers, villages, cities, culture, traditions, maps, recent pictures of each village, old names of current cities, monuments, history, transportation, cultural relics and remains by district, national treasure, natural resources, folk customs, food, house, family type, and over 5.000 North Korean Leaders, etc.. All official information is from North Korean government! ENKGC is based on North Korean official survey on its whole country regions. Under the direction of Kim Il-Sung and based on the cabinet resolution no. 55 in 1966 May, the several hundreds of North Korean scholars had been organized and tens of thousands of investigators had been mobilized to complete the survey. Scholars from all over the country with administrative officers had devoted for thirty years to confirm accurate names of each village and in history across the country. The basic contents of ENKGC were completed in the late 1990's. ENKGC was made up according to that contents and ENKGC added lots of related information, which were mentioned above, on it by region. Therefore, all the information of ENKGC is certified by North Korean authorities. More information about ENKGC is to be followed; Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture Contents I. Significance II. Background and Circumstances III. Composition and Main Contents 1. General Introduction 2. Composition 3. Main substance IV. Distinctive Features 1. Primary features 2. Features in substance Institute for Peace Affairs Tel. 02-358-0612-5, Fax. 02-384-1924, e-mail: afklee@hanmail.net I. Significance - ENKGC gives a comprehensive survey result in both of the natural geography and the human geography of the entire area of North Korea by its administrative districts such as major city/province, city/county/labor county and Tong/Eup/Ri. One of its purposes is to provide databases as basic information to make a relationship with and to invest to North Korea near future. - ENKGC is the first official encyclopedia to be published about North Korean geography and culture since the division of the Korean peninsula. Two private organizations from the North and the South co-compiled ENKGC under official approvals from each government. It is also meaningful symbol in inter-Korean cooperative project. - Information on the natural and the human geography of North Korea has been very limited revealed to outside world because of the North Korea's information-control policy. It is now expected that ENKGC will take a role as an important guideline in the study of North Korea as a first-hand resource. II. Background and Circumstances - Since its establishment, North Korea has reorganized its administrative districts more than 60 times. This reorganization makes it difficult to grasp a particular area by old maps and data. Most of the materials available in South Korea were published before the 1945 liberation of Korea or sporadically after it. Although the maps were produced based on photos via satellite, most of them lacked accurate boundaries and were inconsistent in their naming of places. -The two project partners from the South and the North, Institute of Peace Affairs and Science Encyclopedia Publishing, respectively, met through Chosun Cultural Institute in China. As a result of their frequent conversations, they agreed that com-compiling ENKGC would be a practical project because it would correspond with the time frame of the policy of reconciliation and cooperation. -The two private organizations contracted with each other without a mediator for the first time in inter-publishing history. After receiving official approvals from each government, they organized a co-compilation committee and it has finally become an inter-Korean project in both name and reality. III. Composition & Main Contents a. General Introduction -ENKGC consists of nearly 350 thousand entries with 15 thousand photographs and over 230 maps. -Under the direction of Chief Kim Il-Sung and based on the 'Cabinet command' no. 55, in May 1966, the foremost scholars in North Korea organized the 'Cho-Sun Region Dictionary Compilation' committee. By mobilizing more than a thousand people a year, including scholars from all over the country and key administrative officers, they spent 30 years surveying the names of places across the country. The basic contents of ENKGC were completed in the late 1990's. Now, for the very first time, the public is able to access their work through the publication of ENKGC. - Nearly one thousand contributors made detailed studies both of the changes of villages themselves and the changes of the village names. They completed these studies by threading their way through North Korea, including even the smallest villages. The academic world of North Korea values the data and has called it a 'monumental work in the time of labor party' and a 'masterpiece comparable to a national treasure.' -ENKGC is a 20 volume set, containing three parts: 'Region,' 'Folk Customs' and 'Biography.' The first 16 volumes contain regional information based on the current state of the administrative districts. Volume 17 clearly displays the customs of clothing, food and housing. Volume 18 includes more than 5 thousand biographies of contemporary North Koreans in a variety of vocations: politics, economy, military, society, culture, art, and the athletic world. The final two volumes are an Index - a helpful tool making it easy to access information from the extensive material. -Some photographs were taken recently (2001-2003). They present vivid pictures of each area. Other photographs belong to organizations in North Korea which contribute to the compilation of ENKGC. Maps that North Korea had planned to publish in 2004 are included in ENKGC and reflect the current administrative districts as of January 2005. b. Composition Volume 1. Pyongyang Volume 2. Major cities (Nampo, Gaeseong, Nasun) Volume 3. South Pyongan Province 1/2 Volume 4. South Pyongan Province 2/2 Volume 5. North Pyongan Province 1/2 Volume 6. North Pyongan Province 2/2 Volume 7. Jagang Province Volume 8. South Hwanghae Province 1/2 Volume 9. South Hwanghae Province 2/2 Volume 10. North Hwanghae Province Volume 11. Kangwon Province Volume 12. South Hamkyong Province 1/2 Volume 13. South Hamkyong Province 2/2 Volume 14. North Hamkyong Province 1/2 Volume 15. North Hamkyong Province 2/2 Volume 16. Yanggang Province Volume 17. Biography of North Korean Leaders Volume 18. Traditional Culture Volume 19. Index Volume 20. Index c. Main Substance ENKGC contains information on natural geography by region: the history of the names of places, historical changes, topography, geology, climate, mountains and rivers, natural health resources, natural monuments, animals and botany. There is also information on human geography: economy, transportation, major enterprises, educational culture, historic relics, folk customs, food and people. Changes of the 'Administrative Districts System' North Korea has reorganized its administrative districts more than 60 times since the 1945 liberation of Korea. As of January 2005, North Korea has one Special City, 9 provinces, 3 major cities, 24 cities, and 148 counties, districts and subordinate units like 'Tong', 'Eup', 'Workers District' and 'Ri'. 'Maps' Showing Even Smaller Administrative Districts Maps by province, county and district show the subdividing situation of the administrative districts and indicate the locations of railroads, roads, mountains and rivers in detail. Nampo, Gaeseong, and Nasun were recently reorganized as major cities. Thanks to ENKGC, information on these cities is now being introduced to South Korea. 'The History of the Names of Places' This section combines 'history' and 'old names' and alerts readers to the many name changes that both natural landmarks and administrative places have undergone. For example, for the history of Cheongjin, North Hamkyong province, it explains, "It is a city that was reorganized from Cheongjinpu immediately after the 1945 liberation. Because the village has a ferry located in front of Cheongam Mountain which has green rocks, it is called Cheongjin, meaning 'green ferry.' At first, a Chinese ideograph, Cheong, meaning green, was used, however, in the later years, people changed it to another Chinese ideograph, Cheong, meaning clearness." A valley located in Saegoel Ridge, Gobi Worker District, Kangdong County, Pyeongyang, "is called 'Tank valley' because US tanks were destroyed there by North Korean soldiers during the Korean War. A valley located to the north of Kwanmo Ri, Kyeongseong County, North Hamkyong, is named 'Aircraft valley', because a US aircraft crashed there." 'Old Names' of the Administrative Districts from the Period of the Three States through the Period of Chosun dynasty. ENKGC includes names of places and their origins in the time of the Three States and BalHae up until the beginning of Chosun. ENKGC indicates the old Korean names of places alongside the current administrative names. 'Nature' Showing Topographical Features Readers can picture the mountain ranges because ENKGC describes each mountain along with its height. The contents of 'Nature' in the Kangwon province (well known as the area having the most mountains in the Korean peninsula) will give you a good example of topographical features along with concrete explanations. 'Economy' Helping You Grasp the Industrial System of Each Region at a Glance ENKGC describes the industry structure in detail. This part includes the comprehensive economical situation: light industry, machine industry, chemical industry, agriculture, fisheries and forestry. Pie charts show what percentage of the overall industry structure each industry comprises. 'Transportation' Covering Road Information and Method of Transportation ENKGC displays all of the available transportation systems by region: railways, highways, waterways, and marine ways. ENKGC makes it possible to see all the traffic lines for transportation between regions. For example, the contents of 'Transportation' give you road information for moving between towns and inform the reader about the availability of public transportation. Distinctive 'Major Enterprises' by Region Restaurants in North Korea are distinctive because of their largeness. Pyongyang Gray Mullet Soup Restaurant in Rak-Rang district, Pyongyang, is a special restaurant for gray mullet soup from the Daedong River - a specialty of Pyongyang. Sin-Heung-Kwan in Ham-Heung, South Hamkyong is well-known as the native place for Ham-Heung cold noodle. Factories and enterprises are also closely related to the natural resources produced in the area. 'Remains and Relics', Many Nationally Designated Cultural Assets Are Handed Down from the Time of Koguryu Cultural relics are systematically presented according to their levels along with pictures of them in full color. Around two thousand cultural relics are disclosed to public for the first time in ENKGC. Most of the remains and relics designated as national treasures and preservations are from the time of Koguryu. National treasure No. 1 Pyongyang Fortress, No. 2 An-Hak Palace, and No. 3 Common Gate, all found in Pyongyang, are originated from Koguryu. Identified 'Wild Special Plants' and 'Medicinal Plants' by Their Shape Wild special plants and medicinal plants growing in North Korea are introduced based on the information provided by the National Science Botany Institute in North Korea. Colored drawings of collected specimens, focusing on shape, are provided. These will be helpful for identifying the shape of each plant. 'Folk Songs' Which Reflect the Distinctiveness of Each Province Distinctive folk songs are arranged by province. Readers can compare how folk songs are changed and sung differently by province. 'Natural Monument' with a Special Designation Meaning Included are the designation meaning, designation year, background and substance of animals & botany and geology & topology which the Nature Reservation Federation of North Korea has designated. A total of 456 nationally designated natural monuments are introduced with colored pictures. 'Specialties', Principal Resources and Products by Region Specialties of each region in North Korea refer to both traditional specialties handed down from the past and specialties newly developed according to the features of each region after the 1945 liberation of Korea. They are subdivided into special products, special vegetables, special herbs, special fruits, special fish, and special livestock. 'Natural Health Resource' Used for Medical Treatment Mineral resources such as mineral water, hot springs and mud for medical treatment and health resorts are introduced. Natural geographical conditions, discovery year and origin, variety, property, adaptability, usage and future development of each resource are covered. 'Extraordinary Species of Animals' These are categorized into mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes by the Red Data Book standard from IUCN. This is the first 'Red Data Book' of North Korea. The articles in this section provide the scientific names, classification, features in shape, habit, reproduction method, habitat and route of migration of extraordinary animals, including endangered species. 'Nature Reservation District' This part introduces nationally designated nature reservation districts by province. North Korea designates many nature reservation districts to protect specific animals and plants which inhabit each district. 'Traditional Culture (Folk Customs)' Volume 18 displays clothing, food and housing, and customs of North Korea by province, studied by North Korean folklorists. It covers aspects of dress, dietary life, residence, family life, labor life, folk holiday and folk play. 'People' Lives of over 5,000 distinctive leaders from various fields, who have led North Korean society since before or after the 1945 liberation of Korea, are described with accompanying photos. Most people from the field of society, culture, art and athletics are introduced to South Korea for the first time. Their duties, education background, work experience, prizes and decorations, major activity, important work and current situation are presented chronologically. For example, Mi-Ran Oh, one of the distinctive actresses in North Korea, is introduced by her date of birth, place of birth, and art and serial movie works in which she performed. The 5,000 people include actors and actresses, directors, cameramen, dancers, dance directors, dance critics, novelists, poets, playwrights, children's book writers, translators, artists, sculptors, craftsmen, handicraft artists, composers, reporters, philosophers, botanists, educators and theorists. 4. Distinctive Features a. Primary Features 1) ENKGC contains the most up-to-date information on the North Korean region. North Korea has reorganized its administrative districts many times and also kept changing the names of schools at all levels along with the names of enterprises. ENKGC reflects the changed situation. It presents never-before- released information and vivid pictures of North Korea today, most of which were taken recently. By a government ordinance of the supreme council, North Korea designated Shineauju Special Administrative District on September 12, 2002, Mt. Keumkang Tourist District on October 23, 2002, and Kaeseong Industrial District on November 13, 2002. It caused many areas to be merged and abolished. On January 9, 2004, Nampo was reorganized from a major city to a special city, now belonging to South Pyongan. People school (which is identical to elementary school) and high middle school (which is identical to middle school) have become small school and middle school respectively in 2002. 2) ENKGC includes the most voluminous information among the North Korean-related materials which have so far been published both in the North and in the South. It is more extensive and in-depth than other material about the North Korean region. 3) ENKGC is the result of the Inter-Korean Cooperative project, which was accomplished by direct contract under official approvals from each government for the first time. -In North Korea, project partners besides Science Encyclopedia Publishing include nearly 20 organizations such as Social Science Institute, Kim Il Sung University, Institute of Chosun Culture Reservation, Foreign Publishing and Institute of National Resource Botany. Nearly one thousand experts contributed to ENKGC so that it can be rightly considered official material on North Korea. The project team of Institute of Peace Affairs carefully reviewed the manuscript and focused its efforts on enhancing the quality as they asked North Korean project partners for verification on numerous points. As a result, the information on the North Korean region which used to be sporadical and inconsistent has gained coherency. b. Features in Substance Top 10 Features 1) While maps of North Korea available in South Korea today are from 1996, maps in ENKGC are from 2004. ENKGC contains the most up-to-date North Korean maps. 2) ENKGC offers databases for Inter-Korean economic cooperation like joint exploitation of underground resources, and describes distributions and locations in detail. 3) By describing major transportation routes by region, ENKGC becomes not only a guide for inter-Korean travel, but also a great reference for military and industrial geography. 4) The information on extraordinary animals, plants and natural monuments will make a great contribution to the study of the North Korean ecosystem. 5) Place names which were changed nearly 60 times in administrative district reorganizations are introduced, including even a village in which only 20 people live. It makes it possible to examine the regional situation of North Korea in great detail. 6) Information on the remnants and relics known to South Korea so far are inconsistent and many are omitted. However, the cultural relics of national treasure grade, semi-national treasure grade and preservation grade are systematically presented according to their levels and will make a great contribution to the preservation of national cultural heritage. Many of the preservation grade's relics found in ENKGC have never before been open to the public. 7) ENKGC introduces not only various well-known scenic spots but also natural tourist attractions as yet undeveloped. It will be an excellent reference for Inter-Korean tourism. 8) Traditional folk customs and food are examined by region. Recipes for well-known food will be a valuable source for the study and development of traditional food. 9) There has been total lack in the study of folk songs from all North Korea areas. ENKGC contains all folk song words by province and will do much for the study of national culture. 10) Most North Koreans who are known to South Korea are people in the field of politics, military and economy. ENKGC describes people in the field of society, culture, art and athletics, and will be useful for Inter-Korean exchange in socio-culture. * Institute of Peace Affairs (IPA) has recently published the complete 20 volume set including the volume on Pyongyang. It is committed to offering up-to-date information by publishing revisions in case of omissions or changes. --__--__-- _______________________________________________ The_Dojang mailing list The_Dojang@martialartsresource.net http://martialartsresource.net/mailman/listinfo/the_dojang http://the-dojang.net Old digest issues @ ftp://ftp.martialartsresource.com/pub/the_dojang Copyright 1994-2006: Ray Terry and http://MartialArtsResource.com Standard disclaimers apply. Remember September 11. End of The_Dojang Digest